![]() ![]() Species identity was confirmed using the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD ). Then, 150-bp paired-end sequences were collected with a single shared run on an Illumina NovaSeq. DNA was extracted from the sample using a Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit before being sent to the University of California Davis Genome Center for library preparation and sequencing. montanus individual from Utah (UMNH:Mamm:30891 38.19381N, −111.5824E) was misidentified as M. Raw reads were used as input for de novo genome assembly with Discovar, as recommended in the program documentation.Īs part of a separate project, a single M. SOAPdenovo was run with k-mer values of 63, 89, 95, and 101 based on analysis of optimal k-mer values in kmerGenie v. SOAPdenovo assemblies were performed with settings max_rd_len=150, avg_ins=300, reverse_seq=0, asm_flags=3, rd_len_cutoff=150, rank=1, pair_num_cutoff=3, and map_len=32. 0.38 (Trimmomatic, RRID: SCR_011848) with settings ILLUMINACLIP: 2:30:10, LEADING:3, TRAILING:3, SLIDINGWINDOW:4:15, and MINLEN:36. For SOAPdenovo, quality trimming was performed using fastQC v. 2.04 (SOAP, RRID: SCR_000689) and Discovar de novo v. Genome assembly was performed using two different de Bruijn graph-based programs, SOAPdenovo v. Then, 150-bp paired-end reads were sequenced on two runs of an Illumina HiSeqX. DNA was extracted using a Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit, and the DNA was sent for library preparation and sequencing by Iridian Genomes, Inc (Bethesda, MD, USA). ![]() macropus individual collected from the northern Rocky Mountains (JMG_88 46.333333N, −114.633333E ). Īdditional tissue was obtained from a single M. Despite being listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List as being of ‘ Least Concern’, the species is listed as ‘critically imperiled’ in the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database owing to its specific habitat requirements, which can be substantially degraded by livestock grazing. richardsoni does not appear to experience regular population boom and bust cycles, although population size in the species may correlate with levels of precipitation. Water voles are among the largest species of Microtus, and their frequent movement makes runways of trampled vegetation along streams. ![]() Like other semiaquatic mammals (e.g., otters), adaptations to this lifestyle have probably been driven by natural selection. richardsoni is adapted to a semiaquatic lifestyle, relying on alpine and subalpine streams for creating burrows and escaping predators. macropus in the central Rocky Mountains and Wyoming, and M. richardsoni in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, M. arvicoloides in the Cascades Mountains, M. Four subspecies are currently recognized: M. richardsoni) occupies a large, disjunct distribution in the Pacific Northwest of North America, with habitat in the Cascades Mountains and the Rocky Mountains, spanning from southern Canada into central Utah. Assembly quality statistics for our nuclear assemblies fall within the range of genomes previously published in the genus Microtus, making the water vole and montane vole genomes useful additions to currently available genomic resources. Structural and functional annotation for the best water vole nuclear genome resulted in ∼24,500 annotated genes, with 83% of these having functional annotations. Mitochondrial genome assemblies were also performed for both species. The montane vole was also assembled into ∼13,000 scaffolds using Illumina sequencing. The water vole genomes were sequenced with Illumina and 10× Chromium plus Illumina sequencing, resulting in assemblies with ∼1600,000 and ∼30,000 scaffolds, respectively. We sequenced and assembled nuclear genomes from two subspecies of water vole ( Microtus richardsoni) and from the montane vole ( Microtus montanus). Such resources would benefit future studies of immunology, phylogeography, cryptic diversity, and more. Voles of the genus Microtus are important research organisms, yet genomic resources are lacking. ![]()
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